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Massive eruptions (e.g., Yellowstone Caldera) could eject enormous amounts of ash and gases into the atmosphere. Ash clouds would block sunlight, triggering a "volcanic winter" and global cooling.
Agriculture could collapse worldwide, leading to famine and economic breakdown. Air travel, infrastructure, and supply chains would be severely disrupted. Past events like the Toba supereruption show how extreme eruptions can impact global populations.
While human extinction is considered unlikely, a supervolcano eruption is one of the most powerful natural events on Earth and could cause the collapse of modern civilization.
Misuse of AI and autonomous superintelligence risks.
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